How Onconase targets microRNAs | A product of Tamir Biotechnology, Inc. (formerly Alfacell Corporation) which is the first company to advance a biopharmaceutical product candidate that works in a manner similar to RNA interference (RNAi) through late-stage clinical trials.


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	Chemistry ONCONASE® (ranpirnase) is a single peptide chain containing 104 amino acids. Ranpirnase has a molecular mass of approximately 12,000 daltons and an isoelectric point of approximately 9.5. The amino terminal residue is pyroglutamate. Mechanism Of Action In cancer cells, ONCONASE-induced intracellular RNA degradation triggers several biological effects simultaneously including the induction of the "intrinsic" (mitochondria) pathway of apoptosis and modulation of the expression of several key cell cycle regulatory factors.


	Cytotoxic Activity of ONCONASE®

	HL-60 Leukemia Untreated Control	HL-60 Leukemia RNP-treated The hyper-condensed and fragmented chromatin in majority of cells in appearing cells is characteristic of apoptosis.
	HL-60 Leukemia Untreated Control

	U-937 Leukemia Untreated Control	U-937 Leukemia RNP-treated Fragmented apoptotic cells and cells with induced non-specific esterase are noted. This is consistent with induction of differentiation.

	MCF-7 Breast Cancer Untreated Control	MCF-7 Breast Cancer RNP-treated The hyper-condensed chromatin and the morphological changesin the form of multiple cytoplasmic extensions are consistent with pre-apoptotic and differentiation-inducing effects.

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